Nursing and Health Care Research

Breast cancer, which typically originates in the lining of the milk ducts, can spread to other organs, and is the most aggressive cancer affecting the global female population. The condition presents more among female populations in developed nations due to their extended life spans. Initially, women afflicted with breast cancer may develop breast lumps. Most breast lumps are nonthreatening, but it is important for women to have each one checked by a care provider.

Gynecology & Obstetrics is the branch of medical practice that deals with obstetrics gynecology and Obstetrics. It is a peer reviewed journal in the field of Obstetrics and Gynecology.  Obstetrics & Gynecology condensed to OB/GYN, OBG, O&G or Obs & Gynae. It is the therapeutic claim to fame the arrangements with Obstetrics and Gynecology. Gynecology Journals are at the higher echelons that upgrade the knowledge and data spread on themes firmly identified with Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Pregnancy, also known as gravidity or gestation, is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman. A multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins. Pregnancy can occur by sexual intercourse or assisted reproductive technology. Childbirth typically occurs around 40 weeks from the last menstrual period (LMP). This is just over nine lunar months, where each month is about 29½ days. When measured from conception it is about 38 weeks. An embryo is the developing offspring during the first eight weeks following conception, after which, the term fetus is used until birth. Symptoms of early pregnancy may include missed periods, tender breasts, nausea and vomiting, hunger, and frequent urination. Pregnancy may be confirmed with a pregnancy test.

Menopause is well known concept in Gynecology. Menopause is the time in which when menstrual periods stop permanently, and they are no longer able to bear children are also known as climacteric.  The number of Research institutes working on Menopause concepts are about 40-50 and the number of Universities are approximately 250 which are consisting menopause topics in the department of Gynecology and the funding towards the research on this topic is in between the figures of $30000 - $50000, Target audience are of about 20% in the industry, Academia 40% and 40% of others. Menopause typically occurs between 49 and 52 years of age. Medical professionals often define menopause as having occurred when a woman has not had any vaginal bleeding for a year. It may also be defined by a decrease in hormone production by the ovaries. In those who have had surgery to remove their Uterus, but they still have ovaries, menopause may be viewed to have occurred at the time of the surgery or when their hormone levels fell. Following the removal of the uterus, this  symptoms typically occur earlier in the age of 45 years.

Midwifery also known as obstetrics, is a health science and health profession that deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (including care of the new-born), besides sexual and reproductive health of women throughout their lives. Midwifery is a medical profession which is special for its independent and direct specialized education, should not be confused with a medical specialty. Midwife is a person who is professional in Midwifery.  Women should be encouraged and offered midwifery-led continuity models of care with caution in applying this device with substantial medical or Obstetric complications. This Midwifery-led care is associated with a reduction in the use of epidurals with fewer episiotomies and decreased risk of losing the child before 24 weeks gestation.

Pregnancy is a special physiological condition where treatment of drug is an important concern as the physiology of pregnancy affects the pharmacokinetics of medication used some medications can reach the fetus and harms them. Medication to pregnant lady cannot be totally avoided since some may have chronic pathological conditions that require continuous or interrupted treatment like asthma, epilepsy and hypertension.  New medical conditions can develop, and old ones get worsen during pregnancy requiring drug therapy, which becomes a major problem for child bearing women to take medication whether prescription, over-the counter, or herbal medication. Since the thalidomide era, there has been great awareness about harmful effects of medications on the unborn child.

The Uterus or Womb is the place where a baby grows when a woman is pregnant. The first sign of a problem with the uterus may be bleeding between periods or after sex. Causes can include hormones, thyroid problems, fibroids, polyps, cancer, infection, or pregnancy.

 Breast milk is the perfect food for the baby. It protects the baby against gastroenteritis and diarrhea, ear and chest infections, allergies and diabetes. Breastfeeding reduces the risk of bleeding after the birth, is convenient. An early stage of nutrition for the infants starts from the mother’s milk. Immunity development for the child starts to improve eventually through the breast milk. Breast feeding also helps in managing weight of the mother eventually. A midwife’s advice in the infant feeding at the initial stages after the birth of the child initially for the first three months after the birth adds to the mother’s health.

 Women and Children are the most helpless populaces in worldwide wellbeing, making the Nurse Midwife and Family Nurse Practitioner program a legitimate fit for understudies inspired by utilizing their aptitudes all around. Neonatal nurse specialist concentrates on the care of babies. They may look after sound babies, give centered care to untimely or sick infants, or work solely with genuinely sick babies in a neonatal intensive care unit. Psychiatric nurse practitioner also called a Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners do a large number of similar things a therapist does, including diagnosing emotional sickness and recommending drug.

 Women come across many unique health issues related to reproduction and sexuality which are responsible for all the health problems experienced by women during their reproductive years (aged 15–44), of which unsafe sex is a major risk factor. Good sexual and reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being in all matters relating to the reproductive system. It includes that people are able to have a responsible, satisfying and safe sex life, the capability to reproduce, and the freedom to decide if, when, and how often to do so. To maintain sexual and reproductive health, people must know the accurate information and the safe, effective, and acceptable contraception method of their choice. They must be educated to protect themselves from sexual transmitted diseases. Women must have the access to services that can help them have a fit pregnancy, safe delivery and healthy baby.

Maternal Nutrition  has a major role in fetal and development.  Maternal nutrition not only refers to the nutritional needs of women during the antenatal and postnatal period (i.e., when they are pregnant and breastfeeding) but also to the pre-conceptual period (i.e., adolescence). A healthy diet helps children to grow and learn. It also helps prevent obesity and other weight-related diseases, such as diabetes. Any kind of alterations in fetal nutrition or endocrine status may result in developmental adaptations that permanently change the structure, metabolism and physiology of the offspring, thereby predisposing individuals to metabolic, endocrine, and cardiovascular diseases in adult life.

Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. A medical professional who practices oncology is an oncologist. The three components which have improved survival in cancer are: Prevention - This is by reduction of risk factors like tobacco and alcohol consumption; Early diagnosis - Screening of common cancers and comprehensive diagnosis and staging.

Sexual Ethics and Sex morals (also called erotic morality) are ethics that matters from all features of human sexuality, including human sexual performance. Generally speaking, erotic ethics mainly relate to personal and public values concerning the behaviour of personal relationships. This includes topics of accord, premarital sex and non-marital gender, queries about how sexual category and power are expressed through sexual performance, sexual associations before wedding or while married, how persons relate to civilization and how separate performance impacts worries of public wellbeing.

Health promotion has been a lot of vital currently on a daily basis. Nurses in education, practice, and analysis settings will participate within the advancement of health promotion not solely to the thought however to the forefront of nursing observe. Nursing professional’s square measure generally exposed to the foremost modification as they're navigating the front lines of patient care.

They are registered nurses who have continued their training through a graduate degree or certificate program. They are able to perform some of the same duties as that of a physician. They are the most highly trained of all registered nurses, holding either a master’s degree or a doctorate in nursing. They comprise several specialist fields. They come in four varieties viz.,

They assume associate increasing role in providing care to vessel patients and measure the impact of their care is crucial to assess the effectiveness and their contributions to the team. Square measure usually selected as medical aid suppliers and are at the forefront of providing preventive care to the general public. Their general functions includes the subsequent.

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Nursing theory is outlined as a collection of definitions, concepts, relationships and assumptions or propositions derived from nursing models or from alternative disciplines and project a purposive systematic seeable of phenomena by coming up with specific lay to rest relationships among ideas for the needs of describing, explaining , predicting or prescribing, they're derived through two principal ways i.e., deductive and colligation.

 Nursing models square measure sometimes delineate as a illustration of reality or in a very additional easier means of organising a fancy development. Nursing model could be a combination of each ideas and therefore the assumption that mix them to make a substantive arrangement. A model could be a systematic means of presenting a scenario in such some way that it shows the logical terms so as to showcase the structure of the initial plan. elements of nursing modelling includes.

Qualitative analysis refers to any analysis supported one thing that is not possible to accurately or exactly live. However it permits the researchers to explore human experiences in personal contexts and additionally social contexts, and gain larger understanding of the factors influencing these experiences. Analysis of this sort will facilitate nurses to know health and sickness experiences and provide compassionate, person-centred care. Strategies includes.